An Easy Ergonomics Guide for Employers

Welcome to our latest deep-dive look at an important workplace resource entitled “Easy Ergonomics: A Practical Approach for Improving the Workplace.”

In today’s fast-paced work environment, prioritizing employee well-being and productivity is essential. This comprehensive guide promises to make workplace ergonomics accessible and effective for businesses of all sizes. Let’s dive into the key features that make this publication a must-have for anyone invested in creating a safer and more comfortable work environment.

The Importance of Ergonomics in the Workplace

In the modern professional landscape, where individuals spend a significant portion of their day at desks and workstations, understanding and implementing ergonomic principles is crucial. “Easy Ergonomics” begins by highlighting the importance of creating a workspace that promotes health, productivity, and overall job satisfaction. This section serves as a compelling reminder of why prioritizing ergonomics is a smart investment for both employers and employees.

Practical Solutions for Common Workplace Challenges

One of the standout features of this valuable resource is its hands-on approach to problem-solving. The publication provides practical solutions to common workplace challenges, such as uncomfortable seating arrangements, poorly designed workstations, and improper computer setups. Each solution is presented in a clear and actionable format, making it easy for readers to implement positive changes immediately.

User-Friendly Tips and Tricks

Navigating the intricacies of workplace ergonomics can be overwhelming. Moreover, this guide breaks down complex concepts into user-friendly tips and tricks. From proper desk chair adjustments to the optimal placement of computer monitors, readers will appreciate the simplicity and effectiveness of the actionable advice provided in this section.

Real-life Case Studies

To further illustrate the impact of ergonomic improvements, “Easy Ergonomics” incorporates real-life case studies. These stories showcase how organizations successfully transformed their workplaces, resulting in improved employee satisfaction, reduced absenteeism, and increased productivity. The inclusion of tangible examples adds a layer of authenticity to the guide, making it relatable and inspiring for readers.

Things to Remember

Remember that “Easy Ergonomics: A Practical Approach for Improving the Workplace” stands out as a valuable resource for anyone looking to enhance workplace safety and comfort. Its accessible language, practical solutions, and real-life examples make it a must-read for employers, HR professionals, and individuals interested in fostering a healthier and more productive work environment. Invest in the well-being of your team and elevate your workplace with the insights

Download/View • Easy Ergonomics: A Practical Approach for Improving the Workplace

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Workplace Ergonomics: A Deep Dive into The Ergonomics Center

In today’s fast-paced work environment, prioritizing employee well-being and productivity is paramount. One key aspect often overlooked is ergonomic design, which plays a crucial role in creating a comfortable and efficient workspace. In this blog post, we’ll explore a valuable resource for workplace ergonomics and safety – The Ergonomics Center.

 

Understanding the Significance of Workplace Ergonomics

Before delving into the wealth of resources offered by The Ergonomics Center, let’s briefly revisit the importance of ergonomics in the workplace. Ergonomics not only enhances employee well-being but also boosts overall productivity by creating workspaces that reduce discomfort and minimize the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.

Navigating The Ergonomics Center’s Resources

The Ergonomics Center, housed at NC State University, stands out as a comprehensive hub for ergonomic tools and resources. The website’s Resources and Tools Hub provides a user-friendly interface, making it easy for professionals in the field to access valuable information.

a. Ergonomic Assessment Tools

The Ergonomics Center offers a range of assessment tools designed to evaluate the ergonomic aspects of workstations. From simple self-assessment checklists to more detailed evaluations, these tools empower employers and employees alike to identify and address potential ergonomic issues.

b. Training Modules and Workshops

Keeping up with best practices in ergonomics is crucial for creating a safe and healthy work environment. The website provides access to training modules and workshops, ensuring that professionals can continually enhance their knowledge and skills in the field.

c. Research and Insights

Stay informed about the latest developments in ergonomics through The Ergonomics Center’s repository of research articles and insights. From case studies to whitepapers, the platform offers a wealth of information that can inform decision-making in workplace safety and ergonomics.

How The Ergonomics Center Benefits Industry Professionals

a. Streamlined Access to Information

The website’s intuitive design ensures that users can easily navigate and find the information they need. This saves time and makes it a go-to resource for professionals looking to stay updated on the latest ergonomic trends.

b. Evidence-Based Practices

With a foundation in research and academia, The Ergonomics Center emphasizes evidence-based practices. This commitment to quality ensures that the information provided is reliable and aligns with industry standards.

Things to Remember

The Ergonomics Center emerges as a valuable ally for professionals in the workplace safety and ergonomics consulting industry. By offering a plethora of resources, tools, and insights, the website not only educates but also empowers individuals and organizations to create healthier, more ergonomic workspaces.

As we continue to prioritize employee well-being, platforms like The Ergonomics Center play a pivotal role in fostering a culture of safety and efficiency in the workplace. Explore the website and unlock the full potential of ergonomic design for a healthier, more productive workforce.

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Maximizing Workplace Safety: A Guide to High-Impact Forklift Safety

In the fast-paced world of industrial operations, forklifts play a crucial role in material handling. However, their power and utility come with inherent risks. Prioritizing high-impact forklift safety is not just a legal requirement but a moral obligation to ensure a secure working environment. In this article, we will delve into essential safety measures and best practices to mitigate risks associated with forklift operations.

 

 

Download/View Forklift Safety Measures Tip-Sheet

Forklift Safety Measures Needed to Mitigate Risks

1. Understanding the Risks:
Forklift-related accidents can lead to serious injuries and fatalities. Highlight the common risks associated with forklift operations, such as collisions, tip-overs, and pedestrian accidents. Emphasize the financial and human costs of neglecting safety protocols.

2. Comprehensive Training Programs:
A well-trained operator is the first line of defense against forklift accidents. Discuss the importance of comprehensive training programs that cover not only the technical aspects of forklift operation but also safety protocols, emergency procedures, and situational awareness.

3. Regular Equipment Maintenance:
Safe forklift operation begins with well-maintained equipment. Explore the significance of regular maintenance checks, including brake inspections, fluid levels, and tire conditions. A well-maintained forklift is more reliable and less prone to malfunctions that could lead to accidents.

4. Effective Communication Protocols:
Communication is key in any workplace, especially where forklifts are in operation. Discuss the importance of clear communication between operators, pedestrians, and other employees. Highlight the role of signaling systems and designated traffic lanes to prevent collisions.

5. Ergonomic Considerations 
Connect workplace safety with your expertise in ergonomics. Discuss the ergonomic design of forklifts and how it contributes to both operator comfort and safety. Address the importance of adjustable seats, controls, and other ergonomic features that enhance overall efficiency. Mention the latest technological advancements in forklift safety, such as proximity sensors, collision avoidance systems, and telematics. Highlight how these technologies can significantly reduce the risk of accidents and improve overall workplace safety.

Fields of Vision: Pedestrian Safety Around Forklifts (Video)

Things to Remember

Prioritizing high-impact forklift safety is a fundamental aspect of ensuring a secure and productive workplace. By implementing comprehensive training programs, regular maintenance checks, effective communication protocols, and leveraging cutting-edge technologies, organizations can create a safer environment for everyone involved.

By following these guidelines, organizations can create a culture of safety that protects both employees and assets. Stay tuned for more insights on workplace safety and ergonomics in our future blog posts.

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Musculoskeletal Disorders and Workplace Factors

Download PDF of “Musculoskeletal Disorders and Workplace Factors”

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries or disorders that affect the muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, or other soft tissues of the body. MSDs can cause pain, stiffness, numbness, tingling, or reduced function in the affected areas. MSDs are common among workers who perform tasks that involve physical factors such as force, repetition, posture, or vibration. Some examples of MSDs are neck pain, shoulder tendinitis,  carpal tunnel syndrome, and low back pain.

NIOSH Review Findings

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has conducted a critical review of the epidemiologic evidence for work-related MSDs of the neck, upper extremity, and low back . The review summarizes the scientific literature on the relationship between MSDs and workplace factors. For instance, job design, work organization, and psychosocial factors. The review also evaluates the quality and strength of the evidence. To clarify, it identifies gaps in knowledge, and provides recommendations for future research and prevention.

The main findings of the review are:

• There is a large body of credible epidemiologic research that shows a consistent relationship between MSDs and certain physical factors, especially at higher exposure levels.
• The evidence is strongest for work-related MSDs of the hand/wrist, followed by the shoulder and the elbow. The evidence is less consistent for work-related MSDs of the neck and the low back.
• There is limited evidence for the role of individual factors, such as age, gender, and anthropometry, in modifying the risk of MSDs. There is also limited evidence for the role of psychosocial factors, such as job satisfaction, job stress, and social support, in influencing the occurrence or severity of MSDs.
• There is a need for more research on the dose-response relationship between physical factors and MSDs, the interaction between physical and psychosocial factors, the effectiveness of ergonomic interventions in reducing MSDs, and the cost-benefit analysis of ergonomic programs.

Things to Remember

The review provides useful information for employers, workers, health professionals, and researchers who are interested in preventing work-related MSDs. The review also highlights the importance of ergonomics in designing tasks, work spaces, controls, displays, tools, lighting, and equipment to fit workers’ physical capabilities and limitations.
You can read the full review online or download it as a PDF file . You can also find more information about ergonomics and MSDs on the NIOSH website.

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Ergonomic Solutions for Foundry Workers

Download the OSHA PDF • In the dynamic world of foundries, where molten metal transforms into custom castings, the intricate processes involved demand both precision and diligence. However, within this industrious realm, workers face various hazards that can impact their health and well-being. In this article, we delve into the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) comprehensive publication addressing ergonomic solutions tailored specifically for foundry workers.

Understanding the Foundry Environment

Foundry work encompasses a series of meticulous tasks, including crafting casting patterns, assembling molds, refining molten metal, pouring it into molds, and meticulously cleaning the finished parts. The environment, though rich in craftsmanship, exposes workers to an array of potential hazards, ranging from chemical exposures to physical risks like dust, silica, lead, noise, heat stress, and gases.

Ergonomic Risks in Foundry Work

While various hazards demand attention, this publication from OSHA focuses primarily on the ergonomic risks prevalent among foundry workers. These include:

1. Exerting high levels of force to handle or move materials
2. Repetitive tasks leading to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)
3. Working in awkward postures
4. Prolonged maintenance of static body postures
5. Contact with sharp edges that can penetrate the skin
6. Exposure to vibrating tools and surfaces

Among foundry workers, injuries to the low back and upper limbs are unfortunately common MSDs. These can result from repetitive tasks, prolonged exertion of force, or the use of vibrating tools such as chipping hammers and rotary grinders. Early symptoms of MSDs include pain, restricted joint movement, swelling, numbness, and tingling, typically developing gradually over time due to intensive work.

OSHA’s Proactive Approach

To address these ergonomic challenges, OSHA collaborated with the Northeast Wisconsin Foundry Ergonomics Partnership (NEWFEP). This partnership involved visits to various foundries, each specializing in different products and employing diverse workforce sizes. The proactive implementation of ergonomic solutions resulted in a significant reduction in work-related MSDs among partnership members.

Benefits of Ergonomic Solutions

Companies that adopted ergonomic solutions witnessed a range of benefits, including:

• Substantial reduction in work-related MSDs
• Lower absenteeism rates
• Increased worker productivity and efficiency
• Improved product quality

Worker testimonials further underscored the positive impact of these solutions. In a safer and more comfortable work environment, employees reported experiencing less fatigue, thereby contributing to enhanced morale.

Bottom Line: Safety & Efficiency

In the pursuit of safety and efficiency, OSHA’s handbook on ergonomics for foundry workers serves as a valuable resource. By addressing the specific risks associated with this industry and providing practical solutions, the guide not only safeguards the health of workers but also contributes to the overall success and well-being of foundry operations. Embracing ergonomic principles is not just a regulatory requirement; it is a pathway to a safer, more productive, and harmonious foundry environment.

Thank you for joining us on this informative journey into foundry work environments. Stay tuned for more insights and tips!

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The PRICE Method Explained

If you suffer an injury, such as a sprain, strain, muscle pull, or tear, immediate first aid treatment can prevent complications and help you heal faster. One of the most popular acronyms to remember for soft tissue injury treatment is PRICE. which stands for Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation. Using these immediate first aid measures is believed to relieve pain, limit swelling and protect the injured soft tissue. Ibuprofen is also good over the counter medication for these problems: Always read and follow the direction on the bottle before taking any medication.

Protection:

If injured, stop the activity and protect the injured part from further damage. Avoid putting weight on the injured part and get help moving to a safe area.

Rest:

Rest is vital to protect the injured muscle, tendon, ligament or other tissue from further injury. Resting the injured part is important to promote effective healing.

Ice:

Cold provides short-term pain relief and also limits swelling by reducing blood flow to the injured area. When icing injuries, never apply ice directly to the skin and never leave ice on an injury for more than 20 minutes at a time. Longer exposure can damage your skin and even result in frostbite. A good rule is to apply cold compresses for 15 minutes and then leave them off long enough for the skin to re-warm.

Compression:

Compression helps limit and reduce swelling, which may delay healing. Some people also experience pain relief from compression. An easy way to compress the area of the injury is to wrap an ACE bandage around the swollen part. If you feel throbbing, or if the wrap just feels too tight, remove the bandage and re-wrap the area so the bandage is a little looser.

Elevation:

The final thing to remember for soft tissue injury treatment is to elevate in order to help control the swelling. It’s most effective when the injured area is raised above the level of the heart. For example, if you injure an ankle, try lying on your bed with your foot propped on one or two pillows.

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Does Stretching Prevent Injuries? Conflicting Opinions

I recently gave a lecture to a class of safety professionals. I started with the following question: “True or false, stretching prevents injuries.” About one-third of the class said true, one third said false, and the remainder didn’t give an answer. Over the past 20 years, I have read various articles in the safety professional literature that are both conflicting and confusing.

Does stretching prevent injuries? We need to further define our terms and consider all the variables before making this binary decision. What do we mean when we say stretching? What type of injuries are we trying to prevent? According to the bulk of the medical literature, injury prevention is being considered in the context of sports-related injuries, and the type of stretching that is mainly discussed is passive static stretching. The literature generally says that balance and agility exercises have the greatest benefit for preventing athletic injuries. Next, down the hierarchy are strengthening exercises that show some benefit of preventing sports injuries. Overwhelmingly, the literature says that there is little to no evidence to support the idea that passive static stretching will prevent a sports-related injury. Furthermore, the literature suggests that performing passive static stretching before an athletic event could be counterproductive.

Passive Static Stretching

Passive static stretching is when a muscle is fully lengthened by placing one or more joints into an end range position using an external force, such as another body part or an object. The goal is to achieve greater flexibility. Martial arts, gymnastics, and dancing are common sports that require a tremendous amount of flexibility and involve passive static stretching in their training program.

One of the most common sports injuries is a torn ligament in the knee such as the ACL. I suffered this injury when a judo player performed an illegal throw on me. Training for 2 hours every day, 6 days a week, I did every type of exercise possible. In fact, I can say conclusively that there was no exercise I could have done to prevent this injury. My knee was traumatically hyperextended and twisted which tore my ACL, LCL, and lateral meniscus.

It is common for an athlete to be placed into a traumatic situation outside their control, in which injury will occur. The fact remains that there is no exercise that can completely protect an athlete from injury. It is the goal of athletic trainers to determine which exercises provide the greatest benefit in forming some level of protection against injuries. Currently, the literature clearly states a hierarchy of exercises to prevent athletic injury, with passive stretching at the bottom.

Dynamic Stretching

The literature that explores stretching dissects it further, with a clear delineation between passive static and dynamic active. Dynamic means that the stretch is moving or held for a short time of 3-5 seconds, as opposed to static, in which there is no movement and the stretch is held for 15-30 seconds. Active means that the stretch is performed under the exertion of the opposite muscle group. For example, to actively stretch the hamstrings, you will activate and contract your quads. It is currently agreed upon that dynamic active should precede the sporting event for warm up and preparation of exertions. Passive static stretching is generally reserved for other training periods when the action is being devoted to improving flexibility; many athletes perform passive stretching at the end of training or competition.

Over the past few decades, an analogy has been made between a sports athlete and a factory worker. This seems to have been done to help persuade factory workers to take an active interest in self-care and performing preventative measures. Since athletes used to start their pregame activity with passive static stretching, this was passed on as an activity for the “Industrial Athlete” to perform as well. The sporting world has since evolved towards dynamic active pregame stretching, while many of the factory workers are still stuck in the old passive static stretching routine.

Ergo Break vs Stretching Program

We prefer to use the terminology of “Ergo break” vs stretching program because it focuses on improving circulation, removal of waste products, and increased oxygenation of musculature that is working, rather than simply improving flexibility. We aren’t creating gymnasts in the workforce, but re-oxygenating muscles will reduce fatigue, improve performance, and reduce injury risk. Active dynamic vs passive static is one of the key differentiating points. We also incorporate posture correction, tendon glides, and nerve glides into our active dynamic program.

It is important that the worker stay tuned into their body and perform the appropriate routine as needed. If a worker is doing prolonged forceful pinching and starts to notice hand fatigue, then they should take a micro-break. Furthermore, they need to perform the appropriate active dynamic stretches and glides. This will replenish the involved tissues with freshly oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood supply while removing waste deposits. We believe this start of shift routine is good for workers to practice. This in turn will ensure proper technique is being performed. The greater benefit comes when fatigue begins to set into the tissues and the worker addresses this with an Ergo break. These activities also provide a rest pause, which is when workers intentionally pause their work to rest and recover from repetition.

Ergo Breaks Suitable for the Job

We design Ergo breaks that are most suitable for the work being performed. If a department performs precise assembly work, then the activities will mainly be devoted to the distal upper extremity, neck, eyes and posture correction. We also consider if a job is employee-paced or machine-paced. Employee-paced jobs are ideal for Ergo breaks, while machine-paced jobs will require a relief person. Furthermore, it is good to have a protocol in which an Ergo break commences anytime the line quits moving. Therefore, employees can chat with their colleagues while performing the Ergo break.

It’s important to point out that this Ergo break program is designed to be in conjunction with an early intervention program. If an employee is having difficulty performing a dynamic active exercise, or the ergo break is not relieving the fatigue, then that person is referred into our early intervention program and we work with them individually, utilizing ergonomics, education, preventative exercise, and perform OSHA basic first aid as needed.

Things to Keep in Mind

I hope this article brings more clarity to the question “does stretching prevent injuries?” In any case, I prefer to ask a different set of questions. Does dynamic active stretching, posture correction, tendon glides, nerve glides and rest pause reduce fatigue in the worker? Unequivocally yes! Can the build-up of fatigue lead to the development of a musculoskeletal disorder? Indubitably yes! We are the largest ergonomics consulting business in the state of Missouri. Peak Ergonomics serves over 50 communities in the Show Me State. We have seen first hand the benefit of Ergo breaks in conjunction with an ergonomics and early intervention program.

An article by Paul Krewson, Founder & Chairman of Peak Ergonomics, Inc.

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Confucius & Ergonomics:  “I Do and I Understand”

Approximately 2,500 years ago, Confucius was bringing enlightenment to the people of China. One of his most famous teachings is the Golden Rule which states that we should treat others the way that we wish to be treated. Five hundred years later, Jesus taught this to the people of Israel. Today this principle is universally accepted as the most important rule to follow for moral behavior and a healthy society. Another wise saying from this ancient philosopher is, “I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.”

In my 20 plus years as an occupational therapist and ergonomic consultant, this axiom has proven itself true again and again. Many times when I do an office ergonomic consult the worker is asking for a new chair. Usually, their chair is appropriate and the problem is the chair has not been correctly adjusted. The person who issued the chair might have said that the chair has adjustments; however, those words most likely went into one ear and out the other. Sometimes the person is shown how to adjust the chair. In these cases, the worker remembers the chair is adjustable and might get it set up correctly the first time. Then someday another person sits in their chair and changes the settings and the worker does not understand how to reset the chair.

 

Effective Lesson

The effective lesson is when the worker sits in the chair and adjusts it themselves. When they do they understand. Once I adjust the chair correctly and the worker sits down and feels the ideal setup, I change all the settings and ask the employee to correct the chair. Sometimes this takes a few minutes, but never more than half an hour. It’s good to be patient and let them figure it out with some gentle coaching. We will do this another time or two until the worker can truly demonstrate the ability to control their chair.

If an entire department receives new chairs, then we have a group lesson. We get a handful of people together in a circle with their chairs. I sit in the middle and show them all the adjustments and how it should fit their body. They practice for about 15 or 20 minutes and usually have fun and laugh with one another during this learning experience (laughter is a wonderful teacher). Once a worker demonstrates the ability to set their chair correctly, we have their friend sabotage it a few times to assure the learning is complete.

Employees Must Be Effectively Trained

When a business purchases ergonomic equipment such as a chair, hoist or a new tool, it is imperative that the employees are effectively trained. I have seen several instances where a company spends thousands of dollars on important ergonomic equipment and then fails to effectively train their employees. The expensive new item is set aside in a corner and gathers dust while demoralization settles into the ergonomics initiative.

People must be trained while using their hands and the training might need several repetitions before they really learn. Some workers may demonstrate correct behavior after 5 repetitions. Some workers might need 50 and other workers may need 200. Repetition is the mother of all learning and also a primary ergonomic risk factor. We must be committed to teach our employees effectively and mentor them during the learning curve. This concept is also applicable to ergonomic training for body mechanics, lifting technique and preventative stretching programs.

Things to Remember

Technology is evolving at an ever accelerating rate and requires innovative and cutting edge thinking. Our scientific discovery is a starship getting ever closer to making the jump to light speed. Juxtaposed is a rickety old steamboat that we call the human race. This dire contraption requires ancient wisdom to keep the boiler from exploding. It is crucial that we carefully utilize both scientific knowledge and ancient wisdom to sustain both vessels.

An article by Paul Krewson, Founder & Chairman of Peak Ergonomics, Inc.

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Ergonomic Guidelines for Shipyards (OSHA)

Download Booklet PDF  • Welcome to our blog article Ergonomic Guidelines for Shipyards where we delve briefly into the intricacies of shipyard work environments. Shipyards are dynamic workplaces that handle a wide range of vessels, including tankers, cargo carriers, fishing vessels, military ships, and barges. These versatile facilities undertake various tasks such as new ship construction, repair, maintenance, and shipbreaking (demolition). Shipyard work involves a multitude of activities, such as fabricating and forming large steel plates, beams, and pipes, as well as conducting painting and coating operations. Additionally, there are outfitting activities like electrical work, sheet metal work, and propulsion system maintenance. Welding is also commonplace, necessitating grinding and chipping of welds.

It’s important to note that most shipyard employees work outdoors, enduring challenging conditions like extreme temperatures. The scale of shipyards can vary, with smaller ones employing fewer than one hundred individuals and larger ones boasting 5,000 employees or more. Shipyard work is divided into three categories: shop work, yard work, and ship work. Fabrication generally commences in a shop separate from the vessel, mirroring certain manufacturing or maintenance activities. However, final assembly takes place on the vessel itself, within varying and unique environments. While some repair and maintenance work can be done off the vessel, the majority must be carried out onboard.

Work-Related MSDs of Shipyard Employees

Shipyard employees may experience early indicators of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as numbness, tingling, pain, restricted joint movement, or soft tissue swelling. Research has revealed that shipyard employees frequently report persistent or recurring shoulder pain, often associated with rotator cuff tendonitis. Lower extremity MSDs, strains, sprains of the low back muscles, and related disorders are also prevalent amongst shipyard workers. Moreover, individuals who utilize vibrating tools often exhibit symptoms of hand-arm vibration syndrome, colloquially known as “vibration white finger.”

Certain MSDs can develop gradually over time due to intensive work. When employees are required to assume awkward or static body postures for prolonged periods, they may be at risk of developing MSDs. Additionally, physical demands outside the workplace can contribute to or cause MSDs. Genetic factors, gender, age, and other elements may also play a role in the development of MSDs. Significantly, reports of MSDs have been linked to certain psychosocial factors such as job dissatisfaction, monotony, and limited job control. It’s important to note that the guidelines primarily address physical risk factors within the workplace.

Ergonomic Risk Factors

Ergonomics-related risk factors prevalent among shipyard employees include force, repetition, awkward and prolonged static body postures, contact stress, vibration, and cold temperatures combined with the aforementioned risk factors. The presence of these risk factors in a job increases the likelihood of injury. However, it’s crucial to understand that the existence of these risk factors does not automatically mean that employees will develop MSDs.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has visited shipyards that have implemented ergonomic solutions, yielding significant success in reducing work-related MSDs. Creating a safer and more comfortable work environment has also resulted in additional benefits, such as decreased absenteeism, increased efficiency and productivity, decreased fatigue, and improved employee morale.

Thank you for joining us on this informative journey into shipyard work environments. Stay tuned for more insights and tips!

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Ergonomics for Construction Workers  |  Early Intervention Ergonomics

Simple Solutions • Ergonomics for Construction Workers

Welcome to the NIOSH comprehensive guide, Ergonomics for Construction Workers, tailored for construction workers, unions, supervisors, contractors, safety specialists, and human resources managers – essentially, anyone invested in fostering safer construction sites. In the demanding world of construction, some of the most prevalent injuries stem from tasks that push the human body to its limits. Workers frequently find themselves lifting, stooping, kneeling, twisting, gripping, stretching, reaching overhead, or contorting into awkward positions, putting them at risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). These disorders encompass a range of issues, including back problems, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, rotator cuff tears, as well as sprains and strains.

The mission is to offer practical, cost-effective solutions that can significantly reduce the likelihood of these injuries. We understand the unique challenges faced by construction professionals, and we are committed to making construction tasks more manageable, comfortable, and better aligned with the human body’s capabilities.

Did You Know…?

The construction industry ranks among the most hazardous sectors in the United States.

• In 1999, the number of back injuries in U.S. construction was 50% higher than the average across all industries (CPWR, 2002).
• A study (Cook et al, 1996) revealed that construction workers frequently report backaches, shoulder pain, neck discomfort, and hand-related issues.
• Material handling incidents alone account for 32% of workers’ compensation claims in construction, representing 25% of the overall cost of these claims. The average cost per claim is a staggering $9,240 (CNA, 2000).
• Musculoskeletal injuries can result in temporary or permanent disabilities, impacting both the worker’s income and the contractor’s profitability.

Things to Remember • Ergonomics for Construction Workers

Within this booklet, you’ll discover practical “Tip Sheets” illustrating how different tools and equipment can mitigate the risk of injury.  Construction sites have tried and tested these solutions. The construction industry’s diversity means that not all solutions will universally apply, but often, one trade can adapt ideas developed for others.

Please note that the information provided herein offers general guidance on how some construction contractors have effectively minimized workers’ exposure to musculoskeletal disorder risk factors. It’s crucial to recognize that the examples cited may not be suitable for all types of construction work. Furthermore, while utilizing the tools and equipment outlined in this booklet can certainly reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, it does not guarantee their prevention. The information shared here does not introduce new obligations or establish specific standards or guidelines.

The overarching aim of Ergonomics for Construction Workers is to present solutions that are not only effective but also cost-efficient. While some remedies may exceed a $1,000 budget, potentially posing challenges for certain contractors, we firmly believe that successful implementation will lead to a rapid return on investment in many cases.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional advice. Always consult with an ergonomics expert before making significant changes to your workspace setup.

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Improper vs Proper Lift | Early Intervention Ergonomics

Improper Lift vs Proper Lifting Technique

What we want to demonstrate here is that this is an improper lift, and this is an improper lift for several different reasons. The first reason that I would say is with his back fully curved, he doesn’t have the opportunity to disperse the weight of what he’s getting ready to lift. We also notice that he has a significant amount of hip flexion. And his knees are also straight. Another problem is the fact that the load is too far out in front of him.

As he gets ready to lift, he’s going to be in a secondary zone, another improper lift. That we see on a regular basis is the traditional squat lift. In the traditional squat lift position, you can see that his back is now more protected because his spine is nice and straight, but he has a significant amount of bend. At both his hips and his knees, if we continue to look down just a little bit further, you’ll see that he’s up on the balls of his feet. He has no base of support and again the load is out in front of him as he’s getting ready to lift. When he comes up, he’s in the secondary zone as well.

The Stance We Like to Teach

What we like to teach is the wide stance, power lift position. In this position what you notice is that his back is nice and straight. The bend is split between both his hips and his knees with his feet staggered. The weight that he’s getting ready to lift is fully inside his base of support. As a result, both his hips, his legs and his back are doing the lifting.

Early Intervention Benefits of Proper Lifting

Using proper lifting techniques can provide several early intervention benefits, including:

• Injury Prevention: One of the primary benefits of using proper lifting techniques is the prevention of injuries. Lifting heavy objects incorrectly can lead to strains, sprains, muscle tears, and other musculoskeletal injuries. By employing proper techniques, you can reduce the risk of these injuries and maintain a healthy, pain-free body.
• Reduced Back Pain: Improper lifting is a common cause of back pain. Using the correct lifting techniques helps to minimize stress on the back muscles, discs, and ligaments, which can alleviate or prevent back pain. By distributing the load properly and engaging the larger muscles of the legs and core, you can protect your back from unnecessary strain.
• Increased Strength and Efficiency: Proper lifting techniques involve utilizing the body’s strongest muscles and maintaining good posture. By engaging the legs, hips, and core muscles, you can generate more power and lift heavier objects with greater ease. This not only increases your strength but also allows you to perform tasks more efficiently and with less fatigue.
• Improved Balance and Stability: Correct lifting techniques emphasize maintaining a stable and balanced position throughout the lift. This helps to improve your overall balance and stability, reducing the risk of falls or accidents during lifting activities. By developing better body control, you can enhance your overall coordination and stability in various daily activities.
• Enhanced Posture and Alignment: Proper lifting techniques promote proper body alignment and posture, both during the lift and in everyday life. By maintaining a neutral spine, keeping the shoulders back, and engaging the core, you can improve your overall posture. This can reduce the strain on your spine, alleviate muscle imbalances, and contribute to better overall musculoskeletal health.
• Increased Work Productivity: When you lift objects using proper techniques, you maximize your efficiency and minimize wasted effort. By utilizing the appropriate muscles and maintaining good form, you can complete tasks more quickly and effectively. This can lead to increased productivity, especially when lifting objects regularly or in physically demanding occupations.

Things to Remember

Learning and practicing proper lifting techniques can provide you with valuable skills that extend beyond lifting heavy objects. The principles of proper body mechanics, such as maintaining good posture, engaging the core, and using the legs, can be applied to various activities and movements in daily life. These skills can help you avoid injuries and perform tasks more efficiently in different contexts.

Remember, it’s always important to consider the specific requirements of the lifting task, seek assistance when needed, and listen to your body’s limits to ensure safe and effective lifting practices.

These early intervention exercises are to help reduce work-related injuries, and to improve overall health & fitness.

Contact us today for more information on how we can help you reduce work-related injuries throughout your organization.

If you have an injury or illness, consult with a health care professional before attempting.  

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Golfer’s Lift  |  Early Intervention Ergonomics

What is the Golfer’s Lift?

The Golfer’s Lift is a technique that allows you to safely pick up small objects from the ground with minimal stress to the lumbar spine. It is important to note that this lift should NEVER be used for objects that weigh more than 5 lbs (equal to a half gallon of milk).

This lift is also known as the “pendulum” technique used for picking up small objects safely from the ground. It involves using a stable surface (like a chair) for proper balance or bridging as you perform the lift. First, you swing your leg back, using it to counter-balance your torso as you lower yourself down. Then, you swing it forward gently as you raise yourself back up. This technique is easier on your back and won’t cause the same wear and tear as bending from the back.

Another method is to use a golf club or other long object. Place the shaft of the club under the ball and lift it. You can also use the club to push the ball towards you to pick it up with your hand.

The important thing to remember is to make sure you are keeping a neutral spine as you are bending over to pick up the object. Always remember to bridge yourself as you are performing this lift in order to protect your back.

Early Intervention Benefits

Maintaining neutral spine when lifting small objects from the ground has numerous early intervention benefits. Here are some key advantages:

1. Spinal Alignment: Maintaining a neutral spine helps to ensure proper alignment of the vertebrae, reducing the risk of excessive stress or strain on the spine. It allows for even distribution of weight and minimizes the chance of injury to the back.
2. Injury Prevention: Lifting with a neutral spine helps prevent injuries such as muscle strains, herniated discs, or ligament sprains. Maintaining the natural curves of the spine evenly distributes the load, reducing pressure on specific areas and minimizing the risk of acute or chronic injuries.
3. Core Stability: A neutral spine position engages the core muscles, including the deep abdominals and back muscles. These muscles act as a support system for the spine, providing stability and protection during lifting movements. Strengthening the core muscles through proper lifting technique can help improve overall strength and stability in daily activities.
4. Improved Balance and Coordination: Keeping a neutral spine while lifting small objects enhances balance and coordination. It allows for better control of the body’s movement and helps maintain a stable base of support. This is particularly important when lifting objects that may be unstable or require precise control.
5. Efficient Force Transfer: When the spine is in a neutral position, force can be transferred more efficiently from the lower body to the upper body and vice versa. This ensures that the energy generated during lifting is used effectively, reducing the strain on individual muscles or joints.

Things to Remember

It’s important to note that these benefits apply to lifting small objects from the ground, but they also extend to other lifting activities and even general movement and posture throughout the day. Developing proper lifting techniques and maintaining a neutral spine can contribute to a healthier spine, reduced risk of injury, and improved overall physical well-being.

These lifting techniques are to improve overall health & fitness as well as reduce work-related injuries.
If you have an injury or illness, consult with a health care professional before attempting.

Contact us for more information on how we can help your employees stay safe. Healthy Employees ARE the Bottom Line!

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Back Stretches  |  Early Intervention Ergonomics

What are Back Stretches?

Back stretches are exercises or movements specifically designed to stretch and elongate the muscles and soft tissues in the back. These stretches help improve flexibility, relieve muscle tension, and reduce the risk of back pain and injury. Back stretches target various areas of the back, including the lower back (lumbar region), upper back (thoracic region), and the muscles along the sides of the spine.

Back stretches can involve bending, twisting, and elongating the spine, as well as stretching the surrounding muscles and connective tissues. They may be performed in standing, sitting, or lying positions, depending on the specific stretch.

These stretches as shown in the video above, replenish nutrients and re-oxygenate the structures of the back. Perform these stretches to give your body a rest when performing activities that involve awkward postures of the back, such as bending forward, bending backward, side bending, or twisting. These are also good to do after prolonged sitting.

Early Intervention Benefits

Regularly incorporating back stretches into your routine can have several early intervention benefits, such as:

• Increasing flexibility: Stretching helps improve the range of motion in your back, making everyday movements easier and reducing the risk of muscle strains.
• Relieving muscle tension: Back stretches help relax and release tension in the muscles of the back, reducing stiffness and promoting relaxation.
• Improving posture: Stretching the muscles in the back can help lengthen tight muscles and strengthen weak ones, leading to better posture and spinal alignment.
• Promoting spinal health: Back stretches can help maintain the health and mobility of the spine by reducing the risk of disc compression and promoting optimal spinal alignment.
• Preventing back pain and injury: Regular back stretching can help prevent muscle imbalances, strain, and injuries, particularly in people who have sedentary lifestyles or perform repetitive tasks that strain the back.

Things to Remember

Remember to perform back stretches in a controlled and gradual manner, avoiding any sudden or jerky movements. It’s essential to listen to your body and not push beyond your comfort level or into pain. If you have any pre-existing back conditions or concerns, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or a physical therapist before starting a new stretching routine. These early intervention exercises are to improve overall health & fitness as well as help reduce work-related injuries.

If you have an injury or illness, consult with a health care professional before attempting.

Contact us for more information on how we can help your employees stay safe. Healthy Employees ARE the Bottom Line!

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Posture Correction | Early Intervention Ergonomics

What is the Posture Correction Exercise?

This is a dynamic active stretch to correct the top two poor posture habits of forward head and rounded shoulders. Proper posturing of the neck and shoulders opens the vascular and nervous system to replenish nutrients and re-oxygenate upper extremity. Perform this stretch to give your body rest when performing forceful gripping, repetitive gripping, awkward or sustained postures of the elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand to prevent common disorders such as tennis elbow, golfer’s elbow, carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, tendinitis, tendinosis, and muscle strain.

The first step in the posture correction exercise is to put your hands across your forehead. The next thing I want you to do is take a good deep breath and as you exhale, pull the hands apart away from your head, squeezing the shoulder blades, rotating the palms away, pushing all the way out and down. Be sure to keep your chin tucked in while performing this exercise.

Early Intervention Benefits of this Exercise

The Posture Correction Exercise offers several early intervention health benefits for your posture and upper body:

• Posture Improvement: The shoulder blade squeeze helps counteract the forward rounding of the shoulders, which is a common issue due to poor posture and prolonged sitting. By strengthening the muscles that retract and stabilize the shoulder blades, such as the rhomboids and middle trapezius, this exercise promotes a more upright and aligned posture.
• Upper Back Strengthening: The posture correction stretch targets the muscles of the upper back, including the rhomboids, middle and lower trapezius, and rear deltoids. Regularly performing this exercise can help strengthen these muscles, improving their endurance and overall strength.
• Shoulder Stability: This exercise promotes better shoulder stability by engaging the muscles that control scapular movement. Strong and stable shoulder blades provide a solid foundation for optimal shoulder function, reducing the risk of shoulder injuries and improving overall upper body strength.
• Neck and Upper Back Tension Relief: It helps alleviate tension and discomfort in the neck and upper back region. By retracting the shoulder blades, it counteracts the forward head posture and tightness in the neck and upper trapezius muscles often associated with prolonged sitting or poor posture.
• Improved Breathing Mechanics: When your shoulder blades are properly aligned and engaged, it opens up the chest and allows for better expansion of the ribcage during breathing. This can enhance your breathing mechanics and increase the efficiency of your respiratory system.

It’s important to note that while the posture correction exercise offers these benefits, it should be performed in conjunction with a well-rounded exercise program that addresses overall posture, strength, and flexibility.

These early intervention exercises are to improve overall health and fitness and reduce injuries.

If you have an injury or illness, consult with a health care professional before attempting.

 

 

 

Toe Scrunches

 

What are Toe Scrunches?

Toe scrunches are a simple foot exercise that involves scrunching or curling your toes towards the sole of your foot, and then releasing them. This exercise helps to strengthen the muscles in your feet, which can improve balance, stability, and overall foot health. It is a low-impact exercise that can be done virtually anywhere, and is often recommended for people who spend a lot of time on their feet or who suffer from foot pain or discomfort. To perform this exercise, simply sit in a comfortable position with your feet flat on the floor, and then curl your toes towards your sole, hold for a few seconds, and then release. Repeat this exercise several times a day for best results.

Early Intervention Benefits of this Stretch

Toe scrunches offer several potential health benefits, including:

• Strengthening the muscles in the feet: this exercise can help to strengthen the small muscles in the feet that are often neglected in regular exercise routines. Stronger foot muscles can improve balance, stability, and overall foot health.
• Improving flexibility: it can help to improve the flexibility of the toes and the arches of the feet. This can help to reduce the risk of foot injuries and improve athletic performance.
• Reducing the risk of foot problems: Regularly performing toe scrunches can help to prevent common foot problems such as plantar fasciitis, metatarsalgia, and Morton’s neuroma.
• Promoting circulation: Toe scrunches can help to promote circulation in the feet, which can reduce swelling and inflammation.
• Enhancing overall foot health: By strengthening the muscles, improving flexibility, and promoting circulation, toe scrunches can contribute to overall foot health and comfort.

It is important to note that while this can be a beneficial exercise for many people, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider if you have any underlying foot conditions or concerns.

These Early Intervention exercises are to improve health and fitness.
If you have an injury or illness, consult with a health care professional before attempting.

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Passive Flexor Tendon Stretch | Early Intervention Ergonomics

What is the Passive Flexor Tendon Stretch?

This advanced stretch replenishes the nutrients and re-oxygenates the distal upper extremity. It is a composite stretch that originates at the common wrist flexor tendon of the medial epicondyle and pulls all the way down to the deep and superficial tendons that pass through the annular pulleys of the fingers. Perform this stretch to give your body rest when performing forceful gripping, repetitive gripping, awkward or sustained postures of the elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand to prevent common disorders such as golfer’s elbow, carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, tendinitis, tendinosis, and muscle strain.

Here’s how to perform the passive flexor tendon stretch:

1. Bend at the elbow and extend your fingers so that they are straight and pointing away from your body.
2. With your other hand, grasp a little bit of your palm and gently pull your hand down into a slight stretch.
3. Slowly start to push your arm out, going as far as you can without pain and hold for 3-5 seconds.
4. Repeat on the other side, feeling a stretch along your flexor muscles.

Early Intervention Benefits

Here are some key early intervention health benefits to this stretch:

• Improved Flexibility: Regularly stretching the wrist flexor tendons can help improve their flexibility and range of motion. This makes it easier to perform various activities that involve flexion and extension of the wrist and fingers.
• Injury Prevention: Tightness or imbalances in the wrist flexor tendons can increase the risk of overuse injuries such as tendonitis or repetitive strain injuries (RSIs). Stretching these tendons helps maintain their flexibility, reducing the likelihood of developing these types of injuries.
• Reduced Muscle Tension: The repetitive motions and sustained postures involved in many work-related tasks, such as typing or using handheld devices, can lead to muscle tension and discomfort in the wrist flexor muscles. Stretching these muscles and tendons can help alleviate this tension, promoting relaxation and reducing the risk of chronic pain or muscle imbalances.
• Improved Blood Circulation: Stretching exercises, including the wrist flexor tendon stretch, can improve blood circulation to the forearm and hand. Adequate blood flow ensures that the muscles and tendons receive essential nutrients and oxygen, promoting their health and recovery.
• Enhanced Ergonomics: Incorporating wrist flexor tendon stretches into a regular stretching routine can contribute to better ergonomics in the workplace. Workers may experience improved posture and decreased strain on the wrist and hand during repetitive tasks.
• Stress Relief: Engaging in stretching exercises can have a positive impact on overall stress levels and mental well-being. Taking short breaks to perform wrist flexor tendon stretches can help reduce mental and physical stress associated with prolonged or repetitive work tasks.

Things to Remember

It’s important to perform this stretch with control and avoid any jerking or sudden movements. You should feel a gentle pulling sensation in the forearm and wrist area, but the stretch should not be painful. If you experience pain or discomfort, ease off the stretch or consult with a healthcare professional.

These early intervention exercises are to improve overall health & fitness as well as reduce and prevent work-related injuries.  If you have an injury or illness, please consult with a health care professional before attempting.

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Massage Foot Techniques  |  Early Intervention Ergonomics

Effective Massage Foot Techniques

Massage foot techniques are highly effective for relieving plantar fascia pain and general foot pain. Let’s discuss the importance of the plantar fascia, which is the tissue that extends from the heel to the ball of the foot, commonly referred to as the arch. Firstly, we will demonstrate a manual massage technique using our thumbs or fingers. By massaging this tissue from the heel to the ball of the foot for approximately three to five minutes, you can experience pain relief.

Another technique involves using a tennis ball, or any other type of ball you have available at home, such as a baseball or a racquetball. The focus remains on targeting the tissue within the arch, as you gently massage along the underside of the foot. Again, dedicating three to five minutes to this massage will provide effective results. Additionally, for acute or recently developed foot pain, a beneficial technique involves freezing a water bottle until it becomes solid. Placing the frozen bottle on the ground, you can roll it back and forth, similar to the tennis ball technique. This combines the advantages of both massage and ice, effectively reducing inflammation in the tissue along the underside of the foot. Once again, dedicating approximately five minutes to this massage will yield positive outcomes.

Early Intervention Benefits

Foot massage techniques offer numerous early intervention benefits for individuals seeking relief from foot pain. Firstly, these techniques actively promote relaxation by stimulating the foot muscles and improving blood circulation. Additionally, they help alleviate discomfort caused by conditions such as plantar fasciitis and general foot pain. Furthermore, foot massages assist in reducing inflammation and swelling in the feet, providing a soothing effect. Moreover, these techniques aid in relieving tension and stress, resulting in an overall sense of well-being.

Another advantage is that foot massages can enhance flexibility and range of motion in the feet, contributing to improved mobility. Furthermore, these techniques can be easily incorporated into daily self-care routines, making them convenient and accessible. Lastly, foot massages can promote better sleep quality by inducing a state of deep relaxation.

Incorporating foot massage techniques into your routine can effectively address foot pain while promoting relaxation and overall foot health.

These early intervention techniques are to improve overall health and fitness as well as help reduce work-related injuries.

If you have an injury or illness, consult with a health care professional before attempting.

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Heel Raises  |  Early Intervention Ergonomics

What are Heel Raises?

Heel raises, also referred to as calf raises or calf exercises, are a widely practiced physical activity that primarily targets the muscles in the posterior lower leg, specifically the calf muscles. Calf muscles consist of two key components: the gastrocnemius, the larger and more superficial muscle, and the soleus, located beneath the gastrocnemius.

Heel raises involve the controlled lifting of one’s body onto the toes while maintaining straight legs. This exercise is often performed as follows:

1. Assume a standing position with feet positioned hip-width apart and toes pointed forward.
2. Utilize a stable surface, such as a wall, bar, or any form of support, to place your hands for balance and stability.
3. Gradually raise your heels off the ground, transferring the weight of your body onto the balls of your feet.
4. Maintain the elevated position momentarily, allowing for the sensation of the calf muscles contracting.
5. Slowly lower your heels back down to the initial starting position.

Heel raises can be executed using both feet simultaneously or with one foot at a time, depending on personal preference and fitness goals. To intensify the exercise, individuals may opt to incorporate resistance elements such as dumbbells or specialized calf raise machines.

Early Intervention Benefits

Heel raises, or calf raises, offer several early intervention benefits for overall fitness and injury prevention. By incorporating heel raises into your exercise routine, you can:

• Strengthen Calf Muscles: it targets the calf muscles, including the gastrocnemius and soleus, leading to increased strength and endurance.
• Improve Ankle Stability: it engages the muscles surrounding the ankle joint, enhancing stability and reducing the risk of sprains or other ankle-related injuries.
• Enhance Workplace Performance: Strong calf muscles from this stretch can boost performance in work-related activities that involve running, jumping, or quick changes in direction.
• Prevent Shin Splints: Strengthening the calf muscles through this stretch can alleviate strain on the shins, reducing the likelihood of developing painful shin splints.
• Aid Achilles Tendon Health: Regularly performing this stretch can help maintain the health and flexibility of the Achilles tendon, reducing the risk of tendinitis or Achilles-related injuries.
• Promote Balance and Posture: The calf muscles play a significant role in maintaining balance and proper posture. Strengthening them through heel raises can contribute to improved stability and alignment.
• Reduce Lower Leg Injuries: By strengthening the calf muscles and improving ankle stability, this stretch can help prevent common lower leg injuries, such as calf strains or Achilles tendonitis.

Things to Remember

Remember, proper form and gradually increasing intensity are important when performing heel raises to minimize the risk of injury. As always, consult with a healthcare professional or fitness expert before starting any new exercise program.

These early intervention exercises are to improve overall health & fitness as well as help reduce work-related injuries.
If you have an injury or illness, consult with a health care professional before attempting.

Contact us for more information on how we can help your employees stay safe.

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Contact Us About Reducing Workplace Injuries

Healthy Employees are the Bottom Line! – Learn More!